ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

Kalimat Aktif dan Kalimat Pasif 

·         Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif)

Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif) adalah kalimat yang subject-nya berbuat sesuatau atau melakukan suatu pekerjaan. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat aktif adalah kata kerjanya selalu berawalan “me-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan “ber-“.

·         Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif)

Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif) adalah kalimat yang subject-nya dikenai suatu pekerjaan atau menderita suatu. Dengan kata lain subject kalimat tersebut menjadi sasaran kegiatan yang dinyatakan oleh kata kerja. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat pasif adalah kata kerjanya yang berawalan dengan “di-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan “ter-“ (tergantung pada konteks kalimat). Bentuk dari Passive Voice (kalimat pasif) adalah : TO BE / BE + VERB 3. Dalam bentuk kalimat pasif, biasanya diikuti dengan frase “by”.

Kata kerja transitif mempunyai dua voice (ragam gramatikal), aktif dan pasif.

1) Bentuk aktif adalah orang, binatang, atau benda yang ditunjukkan oleh subjek dikatakan

melakukan sesuatu pada yang lain.

Contoh: Karim killed a tiger. Karim membunuh seekor harimau

2) Bentuk pasif adalah orang, binatang atau benda dikatakan menderita sesuatu dari sesuatu yang lain.

Contoh: A tiger was killed by Karim. Seekor harimau dibunuh oleh Karim

Bentuk pasif :

To Be + Past Participle

Aturan-aturan :

a) Kata kerja transitif tidak digunakan dalam bentuk pasif, kecuali kalau kata kerja itu menggunakan cognate object dalam bentuk aktif.

Aktif : She sang a fine song. Ia menyanyikan sebuah nyanyian yang merdu

Pasif : A fine song was sung by her. Sebuah nyanyian yang merdu dinyanyikan olehnya

b) Bilamana kalimat diubah dari bentuk aktif ke pasif, objek untuk kata kerja aktif menjadi subjek untuk kalimat kerja pasif.

objek untuk kata kerja aktif :

Aktif: Linda can make tarts. Linda dapat membuat kue tart

Subjek untuk kata kerja pasif :

Pasif: Tarts can be made by Linda

c) Retained object (objek yang tetap dipakai/dipertahankan dalam pasif)

Dua buah objek dalam kalimat aktif, ketika diubah menjadi kalimat pasif, masih tetap ada sebuah objek dipertahankan, objek ini dinamakan retained object. Objek ini mungkin objek tak langsung dari kata kerja aktif atau objek langsung dari kata kerja aktif.

Objek tak langsung dari kata kerja aktif

Kata Kerja aktif Kata kerja pasif

We gave him a prize A prize was given him by us

Objek langsung dari kata kerja aktif

Kata Kerja aktif Kata kerja pasif

We gave him a prize He was given a prize by us

Berikut contoh-contoh kalimat aktif yang dirubah menjadi kalimat pasif dalam bentuk tenses :

1) Simple present

Aktif John bites Mary John doesn’t bite Mary Does John bite Mary? What does John do? Who bites Mary? Who does John bite?	Pasif Mary is bitten by John Mary isn’t bitten by John Is Mary bitten by John? What is done by John? Who is Mary bitten by? Who is bitten by John?

2) Simple continuous

Aktif John is biting Mary John isn’t biting Mary Is John biting Mary? What is John doing? Who is biting Mary? Who is John biting?

Pasif Mary is being bitten by John Mary isn’t being bitten by John Is Mary being bitten by John? What is being done by John? Who is Mary being bitten by? Who is being bitten by John?

3) Present perfect

Aktif John has bitten Mary John hasn’t bitten Mary Has John bitten Mary? What has John done? Who has bitten Mary? Who has John bitten?

Pasif Mary has been bitten by John Mary hasn’t been bitten by John Has Mary been bitten by John? What has been done by John? Who has Mary been bitten by? Who has been bitten by John?

4) Present perfect continuous

Aktif John has been biting Mary John hasn’t been biting Mary Has John been biting Mary? What has John been doing? Who has been biting Mary? Who has John been biting?	Pasif Mary has been being bitten by John Mary hasn’t been being bitten by John Has Mary been being bitten by John? What has been being done by John? Who has Mary been being bitten by? Who has been being bitten by John?

5) Simple past

Aktif John bit Mary John didn’t bite Mary Did John bite Mary? What did John do? Who bit Mary? Who did John bite?

Pasif Mary was bitten by John Mary wasn’t bitten by John Was Mary bitten by John? What was done by John? Who was Mary bitten by? Who was bitten by John?

6) Past continuous

Aktif John was biting Mary John wasn’t biting Mary Was John biting Mary? What was John doing? Who was biting Mary? Who was John biting?

Pasif Mary was being bitten by John Mary wasn’t being bitten by John Was Mary being bitten by John? What was being done by John? Who was Mary being bitten by? Who was being bitten by John?

7) Past perfect

Aktif John had bitten Mary John hadn’t bitten Mary Had John bitten Mary? What had John done? Who had bitten Mary? Who had John bitten?

Pasif Mary had been bitten by John Mary hadn’t been bitten by John Had Mary been bitten by John? What had been done by John? Who had Mary been bitten by? Who had been bitten by John?

8) Past perfect continuous

Aktif John had been biting Mary John hadn’t been biting Mary Had John been biting Mary? What had John been doing? Who had been biting Mary? Who had John been biting?

Pasif Mary had been being bitten by John Mary hadn’t been being bitten by John Had Mary been being bitten by John? What had been being done by John? Who had Mary been being bitten by? Who had been being bitten by John?

9) Future

Aktif John will bite Mary John won’t bite Mary Will John bite Mary? What will John do? Who will bite Mary? Who will John bite?

Pasif Mary will be bitten by John Mary won’t be bitten by John Will Mary be bitten by John? What will be done by John? Who will Mary be bitten by? Who will be bitten by John?

10) Future continuous

Aktif John will be biting Mary John won’t be biting Mary Will John be biting Mary? What will John be doing? Who will be biting Mary? Who will John be biting?

Pasif Mary will be being bitten by John Mary won’t be being bitten by John Will Mary be being bitten by John? What will be being done by John? Who will Mary be being bitten by? Who will be being bitten by John?

11) Future perfect

Aktif John will have bitten Mary John won’t have bitten Mary Will John have bitten Mary? What will John have done? Who will have bitten Mary? Who will John have bitten?

Pasif Mary will have been bitten by John Mary won’t have been bitten by John Will Mary have been bitten by John? What will have been done by John? Who will Mary have been bitten by? Who will have been bitten by John?

12) Future perfect continuous

Aktif John will have been biting Mary John won’t have been biting Mary Will John have been biting Mary? What will John have been doing? Who will have been biting Mary? Who will John have been biting?

Pasif Mary will have been being bitten by John Mary won’t have been being bitten by John Will Mary have been being bitten by John? What will have been being done by John? Who will Mary have been being bitten by? Who will have been being bitten by John?

Kata-kata kerja transitif kadang-kadang mempunyai arti pasif walaupun bentuk kalimatnya adalah aktif :

a) Dengan komplemen

Sugar tastes sweet (pasif: sugar is sweet when it is tasted). Gula manis rasanya (gula manis bila dirasakan)

b) Tanpa komplemen

The books is printing (pasif: the book is being printed). Buku itu sedang dicetak

The cows are milking (pasif: the cows are being milked). Sapi-sapi itu sedang diperah

Kesimpulan :

TENSES

ACTIVE

PASSIVE

Simple Present Present Continuous Present Perfect Past Tense Past Continuous Simple Future Be going to Past perfect Future perfect

Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary

Helps  is helping  has helped  helped  was helping  will help  is going to help  had helped  will have helped

John John John John John John John John John

John John John John John John John John John

is helped is being helped has been helped was helped was being helped will be helped is going to be helped had been helped will have been helped

by Mary by Mary by Mary by Mary by Mary by Mary by Mary by Mary by Mary

Perhatian: Semua bentuk pasif verbnya menggunakan bentuk ketiga (V3)

ARTIKEL BAHASA INGGRIS BESERTA ANALISIS ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICENYA

Women Entrepreneurs Tend to Be More Professional

Women entrepreneurs have shown their movement in the economic development of Indonesia. The minister of Cooperatives and SMEs Sharif Hasan told a group of women entrepreneurs are proactive in improving the welfare at least in their family.

“Women Entrepreneurs is a group of active women who have dared to take the initiative in economic development in order to improve the welfare of the family,” said Sharif at the Young Entrepreneur and Independent Young Technopreneur 2014 in Senayan, Wednesday ( 15/01/2014 ).

Moreover, Sharif said that women entrepreneurs tend to be more professional. “Women entrepreneurs are more responsible and professional in managing finances,” he said .

Sharif said the government and banks have supported women entrepreneurs by providing financing access. Such access is expected to provide an opportunity for women entrepreneurs to develop their business.

“In 2013 the business credit (KUR) has exceeded U.S. $ 137 billion to 10 million borrowers. All financial access has been implemented” said Sharif.

ACTIVE VOICE :

1.      Women entrepreneurs have shown their movement in the economic development of Indonesia.

2.      The minister of Cooperatives and SMEs Sharif Hasan told a group of women entrepreneurs are proactive in improving the welfare at least in their family.

3.      Moreover, Sharif said that women entrepreneurs tend to be more professional.

4.      Such access is expected to provide an opportunity for women entrepreneurs to develop their business.

PASSIVE VOICE

1.      The government and banks have supported women entrepreneurs by providing financing access.

Being an entrepreneur is a short cut to success

Everyone wants to be rich and successful and can get everything they want in this world. To get it all is not easy, it needs great efforts and a long time. However, there is a short way to achieve it all with fast and fun time. The author believes that being an entrepreneur is a shortest way to become rich. Here are some reasons why becoming an entrepreneur can shorten the time to success.

The first reason is an entrepreneur does not require a boss while working because they are the boss. They do not need to give the benefits gained to others so that the profits go into their own pockets. In addition, they also can work as their own will. In other words, there is no schedule which forced them to work during the day so that they can spend time with the family while they work. There is no need to have a lot of money, if we do not have time with the family.

The second reason is becoming an entrepreneur causes satisfaction and pride for them. By looking at the business that has been made become growing and successful, the owner entrepreneurs will feel proud. Moreover if the business has a lot of employee, it will encourage them to go ahead and keep on innovating in order to continue their business and earn income more.

In conclusion, in order to be rich is not necessary to work very hard in the day and night. Be an entrepreneur! because entrepreneur is the fastest way to reach the success in the world. An entrepreneur can enjoy the advantages by themselves and could create satisfaction and pride for them.

ACTIVE VOICE :

1.      Everyone wants to be rich and successful and can get everything they want in this world.

2.      The author believes that being an entrepreneur is a shortest way to become rich.

3.      They do not need to give the benefits gained to others so that the profits go into their own pockets.

4.      They also can work as their own will.

5.      It will encourage them to go ahead and keep on innovating in order to continue their business and earn income more.

6.      An entrepreneur can enjoy the advantages by themselves and could create satisfaction and pride for them.

               

PASSIVE VOICE

1.      By looking at the business that has been made become growing and successful, the owner entrepreneurs will feel proud.

SOURCE :

http://kanjengguru.blog.com/materi-grammar/active-and-passive-voice/

http://letsgostudyenglish.blogspot.com/2014/07/pengertian-contoh-dan-rumus-passive.html

http://www.caramudahbelajarbahasainggris.net/2014/01/3-contoh-artikel-bahasa-inggris-tentang-ekonomi-dan-bisnis-di-indonesia.html

http://www.belajarbahasainggrisku.com/2014/12/2-contoh-artikel-bahasa-inggris-tentang-ekonomi-dan-artinya.html